Lana-web. gillana > Women's health > Basic indicators of blood Each of us have had to take a General blood test – it is prescribed for any serious examination. Why did it pass and what can it determine? How to prepare for it? On the basis of the General analysis of blood is determined by hemoglobin level, number of leukocytes and erythrocytes, the erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), is the counting of leukogram. Indicator one: level of hemoglobin. Hemoglobin is measured in grams per litre of blood. For women its normal content varies from 120 to 140 g/l, and for men 135-160. Analyze form hemoglobin level is identified by the letters Hb. Lack of hemoglobin is called anemia, which can be a variety of factors: iron deficiency anemia, malnutrition, internal bleeding, lack of vitamin b 9 (folic acid), when heavy menstruation or during pregnancy, in diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, when disturbed complete digestion of food. Kidney disease, thyroid disease, Smoking, alcohol addiction, drug addiction, tuberculosis, blood diseases also lead to anemia. If the General blood test showed low hemoglobin level, as a rule, is assigned a more thorough examination to determine the cause of the disease. The high content of hemoglobin indicates pathological processes in the body. The increase in the number of red blood cells occurs in diseases such as heart disease, in pulmonary and cardiac failure, disturbances in the intestines. With simultaneous increased blood sugar, increased hemoglobin levels may indicate the development of diabetes. May be a temporary increase in hemoglobin levels: after the intensive physical training in the mountains after a long walk. Indicator two: level of leukocytes. Leukocytes have a protective function of the body, are the basis of the immune system. In the form of a blood test their level marked with the WBC. Only recognizes 5 types of white blood cells, but the blood test is determined by the total number in the leukocyte formula. Their number varies from 5 to 9000 per cubic mm. High content of leukocytes more than 8,000, may indicate the occurrence of infectious processes in the body: viral, fungal or bacterial. For example, tonsillitis, pneumonia, after suffering injuries or burns, bleeding, gout, diseases of the lungs or spleen, appendicitis and meningitis, a tumor. A low content of leukocytes can be a symptom of viral hepatitis, measles, influenza, rheumatoid arthritis, renal failure, on radiation injuries, sepsis and AIDS. And after administration of drugs. But in the same way as hemoglobin, white blood count may increase temporarily under stress, after meals and physical activity as a reaction to the change of heat and cold, in the premenstrual period and during the second half of pregnancy and in childbirth. Indicator three: level of red blood cells. The erythrocytes is the transport system of the blood. It is the red blood cells carry hemoglobin, as a kind of container for it. Consequently, they are responsible for transporting oxygen and carbon dioxide in the body. Their number in the form of a blood test indicated the number multiplied by 10 is 12 degrees. The normal level of 4 to 5 trillion cells per 1 liter of blood. If this level is lowered, it may indicate the development of internal diseases, blood diseases, lack of vitamin B12 and iron, and if increased in chronic leukemias and lung diseases, congenital heart disease. Burns, vomiting, intestinal disorders, with increasing edema, happens when blood clots, red blood cells increases. As with stress, after exercise, during certain diets. A low red blood cell counts can be observed, if the blood take in the evening or if the patient is in the supine position. Size of erythrocytes in norm is 7.2 - 7.5 units. If the size of red blood cells is much less (microcity), it is an indicator of iron deficiency anemia or other blood disorders if more (microcity) - that palaeolatitudes anaemia (vitamin B12 deficiency) or diseases of the liver. Figure four: the erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR). In General, the analysis of blood ESR is within normal range for males is 10 mm/hour, and for women – 15 mm/hour. This indicator is measured in mm, multiplied by the hour and is an indicator of the absence or presence of inflammatory processes in the body. Increase this figure to 60 mm/hour or more may be associated with anemia, autoimmune diseases, sepsis, tumor processes, as a result of taking antibiotics, high cholesterol and other deviations from the normal state of the body. It is not necessary to pass a General analysis of blood girls and women during menstruation – the speed of sedimentation of the red blood cell may be increased up to 20-25 mm/hour in connection with short-term anemia. Lowering the level of blood sedimentation may be associated with leukemia, heart diseases, with increasing content of protein in the blood. Often, low values of ESR are observed in women during lactation. The ESR parameter also depends on temperature: at elevated temperatures is accelerated the process, and when the temperature decreases and the rate of erythrocyte sedimentation. In order to not have to re-retake the General analysis of blood, certain rules must be followed, which will help eliminate the increased level of white blood cells before analysis, and lead to unreliable results. a blood test is mandatory on an empty stomach. No Breakfast just a glass of clean water. Especially contraindicated coffee and tea, any juice or soda. This is due to the fact that the number of leukocytes varies depending on the time of the meal - before analysis is not recommended to do exercises or to give the body any increased load - try to spend the morning in a relaxed atmosphere and not nervous – when stress increases the level of leukocytes - do not check, at perhaps a blood test in the days before menstruation – these days there is a natural short-term increase in the number of white blood cells - antibiotics can lead to distortion of results, so taking any medicines you need to stop for 12-14 hours. - do not smoke at least an hour prior to analysis.- the day before to spend the fasting day and take mild laxative at night: 2-3 granules of the Seine or 1 tsp steamed 0.3 cups of boiling water for half an hour. To drink shortly before bedtime. General blood analysis – basic Express-an indicator of your health, so do not delay your visit to the doctor if any symptoms started to trouble you frequently. The dangerous anemia. 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